Topic: SP³ Hybridisation

SP³ Hybridisation :

From Organic chemistry point of view Hybridisation can be calculated very simply by calculating steric numbers.
Steric number is the sum of total sigma bonds and lone pair electrons on an atom.

For example in methane , the carbon has only 4 sigma bonds and no lone pairs. Here the steric number of Carbon atom is just 4, therefore Carbon atom is SP³ hybridised.

SP³ hybridised Carbon atom has tetrahedral geometry and the ideal bond angle is 109⁰29^'. For example, in methane ,in which a carbon atom forms four single bonds, the valence-shell 2s orbital combines with three valence-shell 2p orbitals to form four equivalent sp3 mixed orbitals in a tetrahedral arrangement around the carbon to horm bond with four different H atoms.

Tetrahedral Geometry of Methane

H-C-H Angle | C-H Distances | Remove measurements